I've been reading Eric Weil's 1951 essay on the French Revolution's intellectual impact on Britain and Germany, published in Essais sur la nature, l'histoire et la politique. I hadn't before realized how important Fichte was as a state theorist.
According to Weil, Fichte, in his book on the Commercial State, was the first really to theorize the relations between state and society in modern terms , i.e. in terms that look forward to state capitalism (or the welfare state). Influenced by Babeuf's "communism" as much as by Kant, he comes to this against economic internationalism. Indeed, Fichte was a physiocrat and didn't like the way economic activity fails to respect national borders, that's why he posits so early a right to work, a right to education, and understands that the state will be required to manage the market's periodic crises.
Books of the year 2024
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